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OBJECTIVE To offer better cleaning and less rusted medical instrument,prevent hand injuries,and the incidence of nosocomial infection among healthcare professionals.METHODS Two methods were used in two operating rooms for comparison.A multi-enzyme rinse liquid,the Ruhof rinse liquid was used in the test group.The traditional method was used in the control group.The cleaning level of these two groups were observed.RESULTS The group using Ruhof rinse liquid was much cleaner than the group without using it(P
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0.05),but drying time was significantly various(P
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Objective To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Propolis alcohol-extract (PAE) against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute hepatic damage in mice and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods Sixty-three C57BL/6 MT(-/-)mice were equally randomized into 9 groups.The normal control group and the model group received gastric gavage of normal saline (20 mL?kg-1),four PAE groups were given PAE in the dose of 12.5,25,50 and 100 mg?kg-1 respectively,alcohol +APAP group and alcohol control group received 20 %alcohol 20 mL?kg-1 and PAE control group was given PAE in the dose of 100 mg?kg-1 qd,for 4 consective days.Thirty miniutes after last administration,the mice in the normal control group,PAE control group and alcohol control group received saline 10 mL?kg-1,and the mice in other groups received APAP 380 mg?kg-1 to induce acute hepatic injury.The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined,and the liver tissues were collected for histopathological assessment by HE staining under light microscope.The ratio of glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG),and the content of GSH,GSSG and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were also measured.Results Compared with the model group,PAE could markedly decrease serum ALT,AST and LDH activity,reduce the MDA level in liver homogenate,and increase hepatic GSH content and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in the liver homogenate.The hepatic histopathological changes in liver were also significantly ameliorated.In PAE control group,GSH content and the ratio of GSH/GSSG were also increased.However,the above indexes remained unchanged in alcohol control group.Conclusion The propolis alcohol-extract can prevent the liver from PAP-induced acute hepatic injury.